日语的字母叫做五十音图。背诵五十音图的时候不但要能熟练地按行背,还要能按列背,这对将来的学习是非常重要的。片假名的记忆一直是初学者的难题。推荐的做法是:总结一些有效的句子,让同学们按照平假名将其书面翻译成片假名,开始有些困难,但一两天后就能牢记了。
单词学习
单词记忆讲究拆散和联合。“拆散”是指背单词的时候要知道单词中每个汉字的读音,开始有些困难,但很快就会对汉字的读音熟悉了,背别的单词就轻松了。“联合”是指背单词的时候不能孤立,比如背“山”的时候,就要了解“登山”“富士山”“泰山”等词语的说法,辐射记忆,从而迅速增加词汇量,同时也避免了说话时只说单词连不成句的尴尬。
语法句型
学了一段时间以后可以把助词,副词,动词变形等内容按条目整理出来。以后学到相似或不同的语法再添加进去,以后根据这些分类进行复习,渐渐的大脑中就会对日语语法有一个系统的认识。而学习句型的 好方法就是弄清楚该句型的来龙去脉,并且造句,少则两句,多则五句,这样就能弥补平时应用的不足。
阅读理解
日语学习到四级以上程度的时候,就需要增加日语阅读、补充自己的单词量。这里强调的不仅仅是单纯学好书本上的内容、而且经常要阅读新的报刊、杂志、利用电脑来看时事新闻,了解新的时尚、文化,让您所学的单词、内容能够在实际生活、工作中得以运用。尽量坚持每天阅读一篇文章,增加词汇量、学习新的语法,这样让您在能力考试中阅读理解游刃有余、轻松掌握!
如何自学日语
准备工作。
选择日语教材及日语语音教材,对一窃不通刚开始接触日语的亲,我推荐咱们国家一直在使用的新版《标准日本语》,旧版的就不要用了,要与时俱进啊。如果不喜欢这套教材,还可以选择《大家说日语》《新编日语》《日本语教程》等教材,要选择初级版本的。一般教材会有配套的光盘,里面就是语音教材了。
制定学习计划。
在找到自己喜欢的教材后,要浏览一遍教材内容,主要是看书的教学流程和教学方法,做到学习心里有数,然后制定一个相对适合自己的学习计划,比如一篇课文几天学完,这本书在多长时间以内学完,一天背多少单词等。并每天监督自己完成,如果有好朋友,可以让其监督,对自己完成计划很有用处。
学习五十音图。
对于一门语言,语音是 基础也是 重要的,对于日语来说自然就是五十音图了。把五十音图按从左到右,从上到下,即横行竖行的顺序全部背过并记熟,记得学习的时候一定要听着光盘里老师的语音学习,因为五十音图发错音的话,后面的单词课文就都会出错,这个 重要,如果听光盘还拿捏不准,可以找会日语的朋友或找日语老师请教发音。争取开个好头。背完平假名后继续背片假名,然后把两者对应起来,全部背熟,做到横着背可以,竖着背也可以,这样,五十音图就算是学会了。
单词学习。
会了五十音图, 基础的语音算是学会了,然后就是单词了,单词可以按照每天背十个来学习,也可以按照一天一篇课文的速度,但建议一天背完后到第二天再继续复习,循环往复,一般单词背过六七遍后就能记住了,但记性因人而异,如果你记性好,可以一天多背些,如果不是,建议还是每天少背,但天天复习,做到背过的全部记住。背的时候要对照老师的发音。自己也要读出听,毕竟学语言就是要用来说的。
学习语法。
单词是语言的基础,那么语法就是课文的基础了,一般在每篇课文后都有这篇课文中出现的语法,语法归根到底还是需要记忆的,首先先把他们背过就可以了,在这个基础上见的多了就能总结出来规律并学会运用了。
学习课文。
课文首先是简单的对话,其中有简单的语法及单词,建议在学完单词及语法后,把课文也背过,因为初级教材里的课文就是平时的对话,背过以后就可以直接在生活中应用了,比如“早上好”,背过后每天早上起床后都可以重复说一遍,这样即实用又有利于记忆,是个学习语言的好方法。
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